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- $Unique_ID{BRK04034}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Myositis, Inclusion Body}
- $Subject{Myositis, Inclusion Body IBM Inflammatory Myopathy Dermatomyositis
- Idiopathic Polymyositis Distal Myopathy Mixed Connective Tissue Disease
- Oculopharyngeal Muscular Dystrophy }
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 649:
- Myositis, Inclusion Body
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Inclusion Body
- Myositis) is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to
- find the alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- IBM
-
- Disorder Subdivisions:
-
- Inflammatory Myopathy
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Dermatomyositis
- Idiopathic Polymyositis
- Distal Myopathy
- Mixed Connective Tissue Disease
- Oculopharyngeal Muscular Dystrophy
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
- Inclusion Body Myositis (IBM) is a slowly progressive weakness of muscle
- groups located either away from the point of origin (distal) or nearest to
- the trunk or point of origin (proximal).
-
- Symptoms
-
- Inclusion Body Myositis (IBM) is characterized by a distinct, progressive
- muscle weakness of the proximal and distal muscles. It is recognized as an
- inflammatory disease of the skeletal muscles. IBM is not usually associated
- with skin rash, malignancy, or collagen vascular disease. However,
- exceptions to each of these general rules has been found in certain patients.
- Clinically IBM differs from dermatomyositis and polymyositis because it lacks
- the features of a collagen vascular disease which include symptoms of fever,
- headache, joint and muscle pain, and weakness. It has a relatively benign
- and protracted course.
-
- In polymyositis and Inclusion Body Myositis there is evidence of
- macrophages (scavenger cells) which surround, invade, and destroy non-
- necrotic (living) muscle fibers.
-
- Disorder Subdivisions:
-
- Inflammatory Myopathy is an inflammation of the muscle groups, which
- causes progressive muscle weakness.
-
- Causes
-
- Inclusion Body Myositis seems to be a distinct type of inflammatory muscle
- disease. It's cause is unknown. A virus or possibly a neurogenic cause
- (related to or starting in the nervous system) has been suggested, but both
- theories remain unproven.
-
- Affected Population
-
- IBM occurs primarily in elderly persons with the average age of onset being
- 53. However, young adults in their teens have been affected. It seems to
- affect mostly males.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Inclusion Body
- Myositis. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
-
- Dermatomyositis is a systemic connective tissue disorder characterized by
- inflammatory and degenerative changes in the muscles, subcutaneous tissues
- and skin. Symptoms may come and go, but the main symptom is muscle weakness,
- most often in the hip and shoulder, usually accompanied by a rash. There is
- often underlying cancer in 50% of adult cases. This disorder may possibly be
- an autoimmune disease. (Autoimmune disorders are caused when the body's
- natural defenses (antibodies, lymphocytes, etc.), against invading organisms
- suddenly begin to attack healthy tissue.) (For more information on this
- disorder, choose "Dermatomyositis" as your search term in the Rare Disease
- Database).
-
- Idiopathic Polymyositis is a systemic connective tissue disorder
- characterized by inflammatory and degenerative changes in the muscles leading
- to weakness and some degree of muscle atrophy. The areas primarily affected
- are the hip, shoulder, and chest. (For more information on this disorder,
- choose "Polymyositis" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Distal Myopathy affects predominantly the small muscles of the
- extremities. Onset is usually after age 40, with weakness and wasting of
- small muscles of the hands. Autosomal dominant inheritance is thought to be
- a cause.
-
- Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD) is a rheumatic disease
- characterized by overlapping features similar to those of systemic lupus
- erythematous (SLE), scleroderma and polymyositis. The cause is unknown, but
- it is suggested that the immune system may be involved. MCTD appears to be
- more common than polymyositis and less common than scleroderma. Symptoms of
- MCTD may include Raynaud's phenomena (cold and numbness of fingers),
- arthritis, swollen hands, inflammatory proximal muscle weakness, dysfunction
- of the esophagus, and lung disease. MCTD is often used to describe what may
- be an overlapping group of connective tissue diseases that cannot be
- diagnosed in more specific terms. (For more information on this disorder,
- choose "MCTD" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Oculopharyngeal Muscular Dystrophy usually occurs in adulthood.
- Extraocular muscles are involved initially and the muscles used for
- swallowing tend to become affected. The typical facial appearance,
- especially drooping of the eyelids, resembles that found in myasthenia
- gravis. The inheritance pattern often follows an autosomal dominant pattern.
- However, occasional sporadic cases and cases with autosomal recessive
- inheritance have occurred.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Inclusion Body Myositis does not readily yield to treatment with steroids or
- other immunosuppressive drugs. Researchers are trying to understand the
- cause of IBM in order to develop more effective therapies. Other treatment
- is symptomatic and supportive.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through April
- 1989. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep every
- entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate. Please
- check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most current
- information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Inclusion Body Myositis, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- Inclusion Body Myositis Association
- 1420 Huron Ct.
- Harrisburg, VA 22801
- (703) 433-7935 (write or if calling, between the hours of 9:00-11:30 a.m.
- and 6:30-7:30 p.m., please)
-
- The National Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Information
- Clearinghouse
- Box AMS
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 495-4484
-
- Muscular Dystrophy Association, National Office
- 3300 E. Sunrise Dr.
- Tucson, AZ 85718
- (602) 529-2000
-
- References
-
- MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 8th ed.: Victor A. McKusick; Johns Hopkins
- University Press, 1986. Pp. 427.
-
- ONOCLONAL ANTIBODY ANALYSIS OF MONOCUCLEAR CELLS IN MYOPATHIES. V:
- IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTITATION OF T8+ CYTOTOXIC AND T8+ SUPPRESSOR CELLS.
- K. Arahata, et. al; Ann. Neurol. (May, 1988, issue 23 (5)). Pp. 493-9.
-
- INCLUSION BODY MYOSITIS: A CHRONIC PERSISTENT MUMPS MYOSITIS? S.M.
- Chou; Hum. Pathol. (August, 1986, issue 17(8)). Pp. 765-77.
-
- INCLUSION BODY MYOSITIS AND SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. R.A. Yood, et.
- al; J. Rheumatol. (June, 1985, issue 12(3)). Pp. 568-70.
-
-